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Paul Graham's essay on wealth is one of the most widely read pieces of writing about money and work ever published. It's also built on a premise that stops one level too soon. His definition is simple: wealth is stuff people want. To create wealth is

Paul Graham is right about all of it. But he never asks the more interesting question: why did it work? Why did men — specifically men — decide that a mechanical watch was worth ten, fifty, a hundred thousand dollars once it stopped being the most accurate way to tell the time?

Most people think productivity is about resources. More capital, better technology, smarter people. They're not wrong. But they're describing symptoms, not causes. Marx said productive forces determine social relations. Deng Xiaoping said science and technology are the primary productive force. Both observations are true. But they

Thought File · Connection Economics Non-Possessive Civilization OS Strategic Q&A From the Essence of Wealth to Corporate Governance, System Dynamics to Theology—A Self-Consistent Scheme for Civilizational Building Connection Economics Non-Possessive Structure Flow Dynamics Corporate Governance Civilizational Design Belief Consensus Wealth Essence Flow Theory Democratic Crisis Belief Consensus Structure

By Jacky Liu I have lately been re-reading the Communist Manifesto. There is a passage near the opening—the one where the Bourgeoisie is said to have "drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervour... in the icy water of egotistical calculation"—which remains, to this day, a

Connection Economics: The New Wealth of Nations — Core Aphorisms — The Essence of Wealth * Wealth is not a static stock; it is the capacity of a society to establish, maintain, and accelerate connections. * The mere possession of resources or the input of labor does not constitute wealth. * Wealth is not "